Fibroids (myoma) with abnormal smooth muscle proliferation in the uterus are the most common benign tumor of the uterus. They are well-circumscribed masses and may be in different locations (intramural, subserous, intracavitary, pedunculated, etc.).
Although estrogen hormone is blamed as the cause, it is known that familial predisposition plays a role. It is a hormone-dependent tumor and is seen in one out of every 5 women (20%) during the reproductive period.
Due to the decrease in hormone levels with menopause, a decrease in their size is observed. It is more common in obese and infertile patients.
What Are the Symptoms of Myoma (Fibroid)?
Although it does not usually cause any symptoms, the most common reason for applying to the clinic is irregular, long, severe bleeding and related anemia because it adversely affects the contraction of the uterus.
Patients often think that bleeding is normal and adapt to it, so deep anemia, early fatigue, etc. apply with complaints.
Myomas that reach large sizes cause abdominal swelling, pain, indigestion, constipation and gas complaints, press on the bladder and cause frequent urination and kidney problems.
Fibroid /Myoma) Diagnosis and Treatment Stage
They can be diagnosed very easily with a pelvic exam and ultrasound. Three-dimensional USG, MRI and tomography can also be used in diagnosis and treatment.
It is usually benign and transforms into a malignant tumor in 0.1-0.5%. Sudden growing and suspicious-looking fibroids should be treated and patients with fibroids should be checked at regular intervals.
The treatment varies according to the age of the patient, the presence and severity of symptoms, the size and location of the myoma, and observational, medical and surgical treatment (open, hystereopic, laparoscopic) options are applied.